Huánuco
The Kotosh Archaeological Complex, located just 5 km from the city of Huánuco, is one of Peru’s oldest and most enigmatic gems. Its worldwide fame is due to the Temple of the Crossed Hands, considered one of the oldest vestiges of Andean ceremonial architecture. More than 4,000 years old, Kotosh transports us to the origins of pre-Inca cultures and reveals the complex religious worldview of the ancient inhabitants of the highlands and the high jungle.
History of Kotosh: Birthplace of the Crossed Hands
The Kotosh archaeological complex is part of the Kotosh-Mito Tradition, a cultural period that developed between 3000 BC and 1800 BC in the central Andes region. This ceremonial settlement was discovered in 1934, but systematic excavations began in 1960 under the direction of archaeologist Seiichi Izumi and the Japanese Archaeological Mission.
The most important discovery is the Temple of the Crossed Hands, a ritual structure notable for its unique iconography: two raised hands, modeled in clay, crossed over the chest. These represent the Andean duality—man-woman, life-death, heaven-earth—an essential concept in the pre-Hispanic worldview.
Furthermore, three superimposed construction levels were discovered, revealing that the temple was rebuilt several times:
- White Temple – Oldest level, with plastered walls and a central altar.
- Temple of the Crossed Hands – Intermediate level, a symbol of ancestral spirituality.
- Temple of the Niches – Newest level, with niches for placing offerings.
This site, which predates Chavín de Huántar, is key to understanding religious and architectural evolution in the Andes.
Where is Kotosh located?
- Region: Huánuco, Peru
- Distance from Huánuco: 5 km
- Altitude: 1,900 m above sea level
- Access: Right bank of the Higueras River
Kotosh is located in a privileged setting, surrounded by vegetation typical of the high jungle, with views of the Higueras River valley and the mountains that frame the landscape.
How to get to Kotosh
From Huánuco
- Taxi or motorcycle taxi: 15 to 20 minutes (S/ 15 to S/ 20).
- Collective or local bus: 25 minutes (S/ 3 to S/ 5).
- Entrance: Access is by pedestrian, crossing a small bridge over the Higueras River.
From Lima
- By plane: Daily flights to Huánuco Airport (HUU), a 45- to 50-minute drive.
- By bus: 10 to 12 hours via the Central Highway via La Oroya.
Best time to visit
The best time to visit is between May and November, during the dry season, when the days are sunny and humidity is moderate.
Kotosh Climate
- Climate type: Temperate subtropical highland rainforest.
- Average temperature: between 17°C and 26°C.
- Dry season: May to November.
- Rainy season: December to April.
Recommendation: If you visit during the rainy season, bring a raincoat and non-slip footwear.
Hours and Prices 2025
- Complex hours: Monday to Sunday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
- Exhibition hall: Thursday to Sunday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
- Admission Prices:
- Adults: S/. 8
- University students and teachers: S/. 4
- Children and schoolchildren: S/. 3
- First Sunday of each month: Free admission (Open Museums program).
Tip: Bring cash in soles, as digital payments are not always accepted.
Main Attractions in Kotosh
1. Temple of the Crossed Hands
Symbol of Kotosh and one of Peru’s most iconic archaeological sites. Here you will find clay representations of crossed hands, associated with sacred rituals.
2. White Temple
The oldest structure, with white plaster walls and a central altar for religious ceremonies.
3. Temple of the Niches
It is characterized by carefully carved niches used to place offerings of food, plants, and ritual objects.
4. Exhibition Hall and Viewing Points
In the main hall, you can see replicas, infographics, and models that explain the history of the complex. The natural viewpoints offer spectacular views of the valley.
Recommended Activities
- Guided tour of the temples.
- Archaeological and landscape photography.
- Viewing replicas and artifacts in the exhibition hall.
- Tourist Extensions:
- Calicanto Bridge
- Casa de la Perricholi
- Tingo María National Park
Suggested Half-Day Itinerary
8:30 a.m. – Departure from Huánuco’s Plaza de Armas.
8:50 a.m. – Arrival in Kotosh and visit to the exhibition hall.
9:15 a.m. – Guided tour of the three main temples.
10:30 a.m. – Photo session and free time.
11:00 a.m. – Return to Huánuco and traditional lunch.
Where to stay near Kotosh
- High-end: Grand Hotel Huánuco ★★★★
- Mid-range: Hotel Paraíso L&M, Hostal Spring II
- Eco-lodge near Kotosh: Kotosh Resort Casa de Campo
Recommended cuisine in Huánuco
- Huánuco Pachamanca
- Picante de cuy (guinea pig stew)
- Locro de gallina (chicken stew)
- Amazonian juane
- Typical drinks: chicha de jora and aguajina.
Practical tips for your visit
- Bring sunscreen and a hat, even on cloudy days.
- Wear comfortable shoes, ideally with non-slip soles.
- Hire a certified local guide to understand the history of the site.
- Do not touch the structures or reliefs; help us preserve this heritage.
- Bring water and light snacks, as there are no restaurants on the site.